What condition occurs when gases separate out of solution and form bubbles in the body?

Decompression sickness, often referred to as "the bends," occurs when gases that were dissolved in a diver's body fluids come out of solution and form bubbles as a result of a rapid decrease in pressure during ascent. When a diver descends, the pressures increase, allowing more nitrogen and other gases to dissolve in the body. If the ascent is too rapid, the sudden drop in pressure can cause these dissolved gases to form bubbles, leading to various symptoms that may include joint pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening.

This condition is related specifically to the handling of gases and pressure, distinguishing it from other dive-related issues such as barotrauma, which involves physical injury due to pressure changes; hypoxia, a deficiency in oxygen supply; and hypercapnia, an excess of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. Understanding this process is crucial for divers to ensure safe ascent practices and prevent such health risks.